Functional kidney failure in patients with liver disease, usually liver cirrhosis or portal hypertension (hypertension, portal), and in the absence of intrinsic renal disease or kidney abnormality. it is characterized by intense renal vasculature constriction, reduced renal blood flow, oliguria, and sodium retention.

Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) is a life-threatening medical condition that consists of rapid deterioration in kidney function in individuals with cirrhosis or fulminant liver failure. HRS is usually fatal unless a liver transplant is performed, although various treatments, such as dialysis, can prevent advancement of the condition. HRS can affect individuals with cirrhosis, severe alcoholic hepatitis, or liver failure, and usually occurs when liver function deteriorates rapidly because of a sudden insult such as an infection, bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract, or overuse of diuretic medications...